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AdV-MAN (Environmental noise studies)
fiori, swinkels, pasqualetti - 16:24 Monday 18 March 2013 (30963) Print this report
Comment to Magnetic noise from pumping stations along the tube (30956)

We tested different on/off configurations of the vacuum equipment (estimated power ~1500W) and the small UPS unit ("UPS-tube") at 2400N in the North arm tunnel. In addition, we used one test load (hairdryer, nominal power 1800W) which we plugged on different power lines: IPS or UPS-tube at 2400N, IPS or big building UPS ("UPS-building") at 3000N. For each configuration we compared the magnetic noise in the North End hall measured by the reference Virgo magnetic probe Em_MABDNE01.
Magnetic noise spectrograms are shown in Figures 1 (March 8th, morning), 2 (March 8th, aftrenoon) and 3  (March 13th).

List of events (UTC):
March 8th
09:20 2400N scroll pump off
10:10 2400N vacuum-rack off
11:51 2400N hairdryer on UPS-tube (till 11:54)
14:55 2400N UPS-tube off
15:03 2400N UPS-tube set in "by-pass mode" (by Massimo) and vac-rack switched back on
15:16 2400N lights on in the tunnel (till 15:20)
March 13
15:15 2400N vacuum-rack off
15:17 2400N ethernet hub board off
15:19 2400N hairdryer powered on UPS-tube in by-pass mode (till 15:21)
15:22 2400N UPS-tube switched off
15:25 2400N hairdryer on IPS (till 15:27, but tunnel lights were on)
15:30 2400N hairdryer on IPS (till 15:32, tunnel lights off)
15:37 3000N hairdryer on IPS (till 15:39)
15:40 3000N hairdryer on UPS-building NE (till 15:43)

Figure 4 shows the NE hall magnetic noise associated to the UPS-tube at 2400N (mod. Riello, 6.5kVA).  The 14Hz structures are present when the UPS-tube is on with no loads (purple), they are amplified and/or shifted a bit in frequency when a load is present (black) and they definitively disappear when the the UPS-tube is switched off (green). It looks like some noise is also produced when the UPS-tube is set in by-pass mode (red).

CONCLUSION #1: 14Hz magnetic noise bumps in the NE hall are associated to the small UPS-tube unit atW 2400N (confirming hypothesis in 30956). We hypothesize similarly small UPS at 2400W, 600N and 600W generate 14Hz bumps in WE hall and CB hall respectively.

Figure 5: compares the NE hall magnetic noise associated to the (same) hairdryer plugged on different power circuits. (*Note*: the bumpy spectral structures are not corrupted data or windowing artifacts, but real glitches from the dryer.  Figure 6 shows the effect was reproduced in the laboratory, 2-sec glitches are sensed by a magnetic probe next to the dryer or the dryer power cord, and as well by a voltage probe plugged at the dryer 220V outlet).

Hairdryer tests (Figure 5) showed that the induced magnetic noise was at the same high-level when we plugged the dryer on IPS line at both 2400N (blue curve) and 3000N locations (red). Instead, the induced magnetic noise reduced by at least a factor of 10 when we plugged the same dryer at 3000N on one power outlet served by the NE building big UPS (black).

CONCLUSION #2: in 30957 we found magnetic noise is radiated in the NE hall by the power cables inside the cable-tray running along the hall west wall. We can now more precisely attribute the magnetic noise intensity to these power cables geometry. Here it is: after inspection (and confir by M.D'Andrea) we now know this cable-tray carrys both one 380V-3phase IPS power line from the ENEL-to-1.5kV tranformer feeding the 2400N location, and one 380V-3ph UPS power line from the big UPS-building generator feeding the 3000N location. The "IPS power line" consists of four few-cm-thick separated cables (3 phases + 1 neutral) while the "UPS power line" consists of one single 1cm-thick cable in which the 3+1 wires are tightly packed together.  A rough calculation indicates that radiated magnetic fields scale proportionally with the phase-neutral wire separation distance, the cm distance of the IPS wires versus the mm distance of UPS wires might well explain the factor 10 difference in radiated noise.

*Note*: the hairdryer test result is indeed confirmed by examining the magntic noise induced by 3000N and 2400N (equal) pumping stations: the 3000N station "uses" the  UPS cable inside the west wall cable tray and its radiated noise is (at least) a factor ten less than that from the 2400N (equal) station that uses instead the "IPS cables" in the tray.

We hypothesize that excess magnetic noise in the West and Central hall is similarly radiated by analogous few-cm-distant phase-neutral cable pairs, although a careful inspection has yet to be carried out. A noise mitigation solution seems somehow feasible but is yet to be worked out. Future installations shall be carefully examined.

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